Omar Khayyam

Omar Khayyam was born in Nishapur, a prominent city in northeastern Persia, to a family of tent-makers. His full name was Ghiyath al-Din Abu'l-Fath Umar ibn Ibrahim Al-Nisaburi al-Khayyami.

Khayyam begins his formal education, studying mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy under the tutelage of the renowned scholar Bahmanyar, a pupil of Avicenna.

Khayyam publishes his groundbreaking treatise 'Treatise on Demonstration of Problems of Algebra,' which provides solutions to cubic equations using geometric methods and introduces the concept of binomial expansion.

Omar Khayyam is appointed as a court astronomer by Sultan Malik-Shah I in Isfahan. He leads a team of scholars to reform the calendar, resulting in the creation of the Jalali calendar, one of the most accurate calendars of its time.

Khayyam and his team complete the reform of the Persian calendar, introducing the Jalali calendar, which is more accurate than the Julian calendar and influences later calendar reforms.

Following the assassination of Sultan Malik-Shah I and the death of his vizier Nizam al-Mulk, Khayyam loses his patronage and returns to Nishapur, where he resumes teaching and writing.

Khayyam completes his most famous literary work, the 'Rubaiyat,' a collection of quatrains that reflect on the nature of life, love, and the universe, earning him lasting literary fame.

Khayyam is invited back to Isfahan by Sultan Sanjar, the grandson of Malik-Shah I, to serve as a court astronomer and continue his scholarly work.

Khayyam publishes 'Treatise on Astronomy,' which includes detailed observations and calculations, further solidifying his reputation as one of the foremost astronomers of his time.

Omar Khayyam dies in his hometown of Nishapur, leaving behind a legacy as a polymath who made significant contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and literature. His works continue to influence scholars and thinkers worldwide.