Afonso I

Afonso I, also known as Afonso Henriques, was born to Count Henry of Burgundy and Theresa of Portugal in Guimarães, a significant fortress town.

Afonso begins his education in Viseu, where he is taught by the clergy and learns the skills necessary for a future ruler, including reading, writing, and military tactics.

Upon the death of his father, Count Henry of Burgundy, Afonso becomes the heir to the County of Portugal, under the regency of his mother, Theresa.

Afonso leads a rebellion against his mother, Theresa, and her Galician lover, Fernando Peres, to secure his rightful inheritance and control over the County of Portugal.

After a decisive victory over the Moors at the Battle of Ourique, Afonso proclaims himself King of Portugal, marking the beginning of the Portuguese monarchy.

Afonso signs the Treaty of Zamora with Alfonso VII of Castile, recognizing the independence of Portugal and securing his title as King.

Afonso leads a successful campaign to conquer Lisbon from the Moors, a significant victory in the Reconquista and a turning point in Portuguese history.

Afonso marries Mafalda of Savoy, strengthening political alliances and securing the succession of the Portuguese throne.

Afonso and Mafalda welcome their first son, Sancho, who will later succeed Afonso as King of Portugal.

Afonso continues his military campaigns against the Moors, expanding Portuguese territory and consolidating his rule over the newly formed kingdom.

Afonso defeats Ferdinand II of León at the Battle of Valdevez, reaffirming Portuguese independence and territorial integrity.

Afonso signs the Treaty of Badajoz with Ferdinand II of León, establishing peace and defining the borders between Portugal and León.

Pope Alexander III issues the papal bull Manifestis Probatum, formally recognizing the independence of the Kingdom of Portugal and Afonso's title as King.

Afonso leads his final military campaign, successfully defending Portuguese territory against Almohad forces, ensuring the security of the kingdom.

Afonso I, the first King of Portugal, dies in Coimbra, leaving behind a legacy of founding and defending the Portuguese nation.