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Charles the Bald

Charles the Bald

King

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Quick Facts

Ruled West Francia from 843 to 877
Expanded and defended his realm
Holy Roman Emperor from 875

First King of France. Carved a kingdom from Charlemagne's shattered empire.

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Life Journey

823Born in Frankfurt, East Francia

Charles the Bald, son of Louis the Pious and his second wife, Judith of Bavaria, was born in Frankfurt, East Francia.

829Becomes King of Aquitaine

At the age of six, Charles was crowned King of Aquitaine by his father, Louis the Pious, as part of a reorganization of the Carolingian Empire.

833Rebellion against Louis the Pious

Charles and his mother, Judith, were involved in a rebellion against his father, Louis the Pious, which was ultimately unsuccessful.

838Marriage to Ermentrude of Orléans

Charles married Ermentrude of Orléans, daughter of Count Odo of Orléans, strengthening his political alliances in West Francia.

840Death of Louis the Pious

Charles's father, Louis the Pious, died, leading to a succession crisis and conflict with his brothers, Lothair and Louis the German.

843Treaty of Verdun

Charles, along with his brothers Lothair and Louis the German, signed the Treaty of Verdun, dividing the Carolingian Empire. Charles received West Francia.

851Defeat of the Vikings at Angers

Charles successfully defended Angers against a Viking invasion, marking a significant military achievement in his early reign.

855Death of Lothair I

The death of his brother, Lothair I, led to further territorial disputes and negotiations with his remaining brother, Louis the German.

860Campaign in Lotharingia

Charles launched a campaign to assert his authority in Lotharingia, a region claimed by both him and Louis the German.

862Marriage to Richilde of Provence

After the death of Ermentrude, Charles married Richilde of Provence, further solidifying his political alliances.

869Struggle with Louis the German

Charles and Louis the German engaged in a series of conflicts over control of Lotharingia, with Charles eventually gaining the upper hand.

870Treaty of Meerssen

Charles and Louis the German signed the Treaty of Meerssen, which divided Lotharingia between them, with Charles gaining significant territories.

875Crowned Holy Roman Emperor

Charles was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope John VIII in Rome, following the death of his brother, Louis II of Italy.

876Defeat of the Vikings at Thionville

Charles achieved a significant victory against the Vikings at Thionville, securing his realm from further Norse invasions.

877Died in Bure, West Francia

Charles the Bald died in Bure, West Francia, leaving a legacy of expansion and defense of his realm, and the title of Holy Roman Emperor.

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