Quick Facts
Condottiero who conquered his employer. Mercenary captain who made himself Duke of Milan.
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Life Journey
Francesco Sforza was born to Muzio Attendolo Sforza, a renowned condottiero, and his wife, Caterina. He was the third son of the family.
At the age of 13, Francesco starts his military training under the tutelage of his father, Muzio Attendolo Sforza, learning the arts of war and leadership.
Francesco is given his first military command, leading a small contingent in a campaign against the city of Bologna, demonstrating early military prowess.
Francesco marries Bianca Maria Visconti, the illegitimate daughter of Filippo Maria Visconti, Duke of Milan, solidifying a powerful political alliance.
Francesco is appointed Captain General of the Papal States, a significant military position that enhances his reputation and influence in Italy.
Francesco leads a decisive victory against the Venetians at the Battle of Maclodio, further cementing his reputation as a skilled military leader.
After a period of service in various Italian states, Francesco returns to Milan to support his father-in-law, Filippo Maria Visconti, in his campaigns.
Francesco is appointed Captain General of the Republic of Florence, a position that further enhances his military and political standing in Italy.
Francesco and Bianca Maria welcome their first son, Galeazzo Maria Sforza, who will later succeed his father as Duke of Milan.
Filippo Maria Visconti, Duke of Milan, dies without a male heir, creating a power vacuum that Francesco Sforza will eventually fill.
Francesco Sforza begins a prolonged siege of Milan, aiming to claim the duchy for himself and his family.
After a successful siege, Francesco Sforza is recognized as the Duke of Milan, marking the beginning of the Sforza dynasty's rule over the city.
Francesco begins the construction of the Sforza Castle in Milan, a symbol of his power and the enduring legacy of his rule.
Francesco signs the Peace of Lodi, a treaty that brings a period of stability to the Italian peninsula, ending a series of conflicts.
Francesco Sforza dies in Milan, leaving behind a strong and prosperous duchy, and his son Galeazzo Maria Sforza succeeds him as Duke.