John IV

John was born to Teodósio, Duke of Braganza, and Infanta Catherine, Duchess of Braganza, at Vila Viçosa, Portugal.

At the age of 5, John becomes the heir to the Duchy of Braganza after the death of his father, Teodósio.

John receives a comprehensive education in classical and religious studies, preparing him for his future role as a leader.

John marries Luísa de Guzmán, a Spanish noblewoman, strengthening political ties and alliances.

John formally becomes the Duke of Braganza after his father's death, taking on greater responsibilities and influence.

John's influence and prominence within the Portuguese nobility grow, making him a key figure in the resistance against Spanish rule.

John actively supports and participates in the growing resistance against Spanish rule in Portugal, laying the groundwork for the restoration of independence.

John leads the coup that restores Portuguese independence from Spain, becoming King John IV of Portugal and founding the House of Braganza.

John IV is formally crowned King of Portugal, marking the beginning of the House of Braganza's reign and a new era of Portuguese independence.

John IV establishes strong diplomatic and commercial relations with England, securing support and alliances against Spain.

John IV strengthens and expands the Portuguese colonial empire, particularly in Brazil and Africa, enhancing Portugal's global influence.

John IV arranges the marriage of his daughter, Catherine of Braganza, to Charles II of England, further solidifying international alliances.

John IV continues to lead military campaigns against Spain, consolidating Portugal's independence and territorial integrity.

John IV initiates significant reforms of the Portuguese navy, modernizing the fleet and enhancing Portugal's maritime capabilities.

John IV dies at the age of 57, leaving a legacy of restored independence and the foundation of the House of Braganza.