Miguel I

Miguel of Braganza, later King Miguel I, is born to Prince Pedro Carlos and Princess Maria Teresa of Braganza in Lisbon, Portugal.

Miguel begins his formal education, receiving instruction in languages, history, and military tactics, preparing him for his future role.

Miguel is granted the title of Duke of Braganza, a traditional title for the heir to the Portuguese throne.

Miguel, despite his conservative views, participates in the liberal revolution that overthrows his father, King João VI, and establishes a constitutional monarchy.

Miguel refuses to swear allegiance to the new liberal constitution, aligning himself with conservative and absolutist factions.

Due to his opposition to the liberal constitution, Miguel is exiled to Brazil, where he lives with his family.

Following the death of his brother, King Pedro IV, and the abdication of his niece, Maria II, Miguel is proclaimed King of Portugal.

Miguel marries Maria Teresa of Austria, strengthening his ties to the European nobility and consolidating his power.

Miguel enforces strict absolutist policies, dissolving the Cortes and revoking the liberal constitution, leading to widespread unrest.

Miguel's forces defeat the liberal forces loyal to his brother, Pedro, in a series of battles, temporarily consolidating his rule.

Miguel faces significant resistance in Porto and at the Battle of Aljubarrota, where his forces are ultimately defeated by the liberals.

Miguel's forces are decisively defeated at the Battle of Évora Monte, marking the end of his rule in Portugal.

Miguel abdicates the throne and is exiled to France, ending his reign and the absolutist period in Portugal.

Miguel and his family settle in Modena, Italy, where he lives in relative obscurity and continues to plot his return to power.

Miguel secretly visits Portugal, hoping to gauge support for a potential return to the throne, but finds little enthusiasm.

Miguel I dies in Savona, Italy, marking the end of his life and legacy as a controversial figure in Portuguese history.