Peter III of Aragon

Peter III of Aragon is born to James I of Aragon and Yolande of Hungary in Zaragoza, Kingdom of Aragon.

Peter III begins his early education, focusing on religious, military, and administrative subjects, under the guidance of his father and tutors.

Peter III marries Constance of Sicily, daughter of King Manfred of Sicily, strengthening political alliances and dynastic ties.

Peter III participates in his father's military campaigns, gaining valuable experience in warfare and statecraft.

Upon the death of his elder brother, Alfonso, Peter III becomes the heir apparent to the throne of Aragon.

Peter III joins the Eighth Crusade led by King Louis IX of France, although the campaign ultimately fails to achieve its goals.

Peter III succeeds his father, James I, as King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona, beginning his reign with significant political and military challenges.

Peter III defeats Muhammad I of Granada, securing Aragon's southern borders and expanding his influence in the Iberian Peninsula.

Peter III claims the throne of Sicily following the Sicilian Vespers, a popular uprising against Charles of Anjou's rule.

Peter III marries Eleanor of Castile, further strengthening his alliances and political position in the region.

Peter III is crowned King of Sicily, solidifying his rule over the island and challenging papal authority.

Pope Martin IV excommunicates Peter III and calls for a crusade against him, leading to the Aragonese Crusade, which ultimately fails.

Peter III's fleet defeats the French at the Battle of Les Formigues, ensuring his control over the Mediterranean and Sicily.

Peter III falls ill and begins to prepare for his succession, ensuring the continuation of his dynasty and policies.

Peter III of Aragon dies in Valencia, leaving his kingdom to his son, Alfonso III, and his Sicilian territories to his younger son, James II.