Born as Xuanye, third son of Shunzhi Emperor. Survived smallpox as infant which later proved advantageous.

Became Emperor after father's death at age 6. Four regents appointed to rule during his minority.

Orchestrated arrest of powerful regent Oboi. Began personal rule and demonstrated political acumen at young age.

Three powerful vassals rebelled against Qing authority. Largest internal threat to early Qing dynasty emerged.

After eight years of warfare, completely suppressed rebellion. Consolidated Qing control over southern China.

Defeated Zheng family forces and incorporated Taiwan into Qing empire. Ended Ming loyalist resistance.

First formal treaty between China and European power. Established borders with Russian Empire.

Issued edict allowing Christian missionaries to operate in China. Engaged with Jesuit scholars at court.

Led military expedition against Galdan of Dzungar Khanate. Defeated enemy forces at Battle of Jao Modo.

Conducted six southern tours to inspect flood control and understand local conditions. Demonstrated hands-on governance.

Ordered compilation of comprehensive Chinese dictionary. Project showcased cultural patronage and scholarship.

Crown prince deposed for second time. Intense rivalry among sons created court instability.

Grand celebration marking sixty years of life. Subjects from across empire sent tributes and congratulations.

Issued reflective edict reviewing his reign and life. Rare personal document revealing emperor's thoughts.

Died after 61-year reign, longest in Chinese history. Succeeded by fourth son who became Yongzheng Emperor.

His reign began the High Qing era. Expanded territory, promoted scholarship, and established lasting administrative systems.