Cesare Borgia

Cesare Borgia was born in Rome, the illegitimate son of Rodrigo Borgia and Vannozza dei Cattanei. His birth marked the beginning of a life filled with political and military ambition.

Cesare began his early education, receiving instruction in classical languages, literature, and the arts, laying the foundation for his future intellectual and political pursuits.

Rodrigo Borgia, Cesare's father, was elected Pope Alexander VI, significantly impacting Cesare's future by providing him access to immense power and influence within the Church and Italian politics.

Cesare was appointed a Cardinal by his father, Pope Alexander VI, at the young age of 16, setting the stage for his rise in the Church hierarchy and political sphere.

Cesare began undertaking diplomatic missions for his father, traveling to France and other parts of Italy to negotiate alliances and strengthen the Borgia family's influence.

Cesare renounced his Cardinalate and embraced a military career, driven by his ambition to secure power and lands through military conquests and political maneuvering.

Cesare married Charlotte d'Albret, the sister of the King of Navarre, solidifying an important political alliance and enhancing his status and influence in European politics.

Cesare launched his campaign to conquer the Romagna, a series of military campaigns that would establish his reputation as a skilled and ruthless military leader.

Cesare was appointed Duke of Valentinois by King Louis XII of France, further consolidating his power and expanding his territories in the region.

Cesare successfully captured the cities of Faenza and Forlì, demonstrating his military prowess and solidifying his control over the Romagna region.

Cesare signed the Treaty of Venice with the Republic of Venice, securing a truce and furthering his political and military objectives in the region.

Pope Alexander VI died, and Cesare lost much of his power and influence. He was arrested and imprisoned in Rome, marking a significant setback in his political career.

Cesare managed to escape from prison and fled to Naples, where he sought refuge and began to plot his return to power.

Cesare joined the French army under King Louis XII, hoping to regain his lost status and power through military service and political alliances.

Cesare Borgia was killed in battle at Viana, Navarre, while leading a force against the Spanish. His death marked the end of a tumultuous and ambitious life.