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David Hume

David Hume

Philosopher

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Quick Facts

Empiricism
Skepticism
Problem of Induction

Life Journey

1711Born in Edinburgh, Scotland

David Hume was born on April 26, 1711, in Edinburgh to a minor Scottish noble family. His father died when David was two, leaving his mother to raise him.

1723Enters University of Edinburgh

At just twelve years old, Hume enrolled at the University of Edinburgh to study classics and philosophy, where he encountered Enlightenment ideas.

1729Experiences nervous breakdown and revelation

After attempting to study law for his family, Hume suffered a breakdown. During recovery, he experienced what he called a 'new scene of thought.'

1734Travels to France for philosophical study

Hume moved to France, settling in La Flèche where Descartes had studied. In the French countryside, he began writing his first major work.

1739A Treatise of Human Nature published

Hume published his most ambitious work, which 'fell dead-born from the press' but contained revolutionary ideas on causation and personal identity.

1741Essays Moral and Political gains public acclaim

Hume's accessible essays on politics, economics, and culture established his reputation as a brilliant essayist and public intellectual.

1745Rejected for Edinburgh professorship

Hume applied for the Chair of Moral Philosophy at Edinburgh but was rejected due to atheism accusations from his philosophical works.

1746Serves as military secretary

Hume served as secretary to General St. Clair on military and diplomatic missions, experiences that broadened his worldview.

1748An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding

Hume published his clearer reformulation of philosophical ideas, including his famous argument against miracles, establishing his European reputation.

1751An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals

Hume published what he considered his best work, arguing that morality is founded on sentiment rather than reason.

1752Appointed Keeper of the Advocates' Library

Hume became Keeper of the Advocates' Library, giving him access to one of Britain's finest research libraries for his historical work.

1754First volume of History of England published

Despite initial controversy, Hume's History became the standard work for nearly a century, bringing him wealth and international fame.

1763Secretary to British Embassy in Paris

Hume served as secretary to the British Ambassador, celebrated by French philosophers including d'Alembert and Diderot.

1766Rousseau controversy damages friendship

Hume brought Rousseau to England to escape persecution, but Rousseau's paranoia led to a bitter public quarrel widely publicized across Europe.

1769Retires to Edinburgh as man of letters

After serving as Under-Secretary of State in London, Hume retired to Edinburgh, becoming central to the Scottish Enlightenment's intellectual life.

1776Death and posthumous influence

Hume died on August 25, 1776, facing death with philosophical calm. His posthumous Dialogues became his most discussed work, profoundly influencing philosophy.

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