Quick Facts
Libyan-born founder of Egypt's 22nd Dynasty who unified the country after a period of division. Known biblically as Shishak, he famously sacked Jerusalem and plundered Solomon's Temple.
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Life Journey
Born into the powerful Meshwesh Libyan tribe that had settled in Egypt. His family held the position of Great Chiefs of the Ma (Libyan military commanders).
Began military training in the Libyan warrior tradition, learning both Egyptian and Libyan military tactics.
Inherited or was appointed to the position of Great Chief of the Ma, commanding the powerful Libyan military forces in Egypt.
Strengthened ties with the ruling 21st Dynasty through marriage alliances, positioning his family for future power.
Rose to become commander of all Egyptian military forces, wielding power second only to the pharaoh.
Became the de facto ruler of Egypt while the 21st Dynasty pharaohs retained nominal power. Controlled military, treasury, and administration.
Upon the death of the last 21st Dynasty pharaoh, peacefully assumed the throne and founded the 22nd Dynasty, also known as the Libyan Dynasty.
Successfully unified Upper and Lower Egypt by installing his son as High Priest of Amun at Thebes, ending the division between north and south.
Initiated major construction projects including additions to Karnak Temple and fortification of strategic cities.
Maintained diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom of Israel under Solomon, while also harboring Jeroboam who fled from Solomon.
After Solomon's death and the division of Israel, began preparing a massive military campaign to reassert Egyptian influence in the Levant.
Launched a massive military campaign with thousands of chariots and soldiers, attacking both the Kingdom of Judah and Kingdom of Israel.
Captured Jerusalem and plundered the treasures of Solomon's Temple and the royal palace. King Rehoboam surrendered the temple treasures to save the city from destruction.
Commemorated his victories with a monumental relief at the Bubastite Portal of Karnak Temple, listing over 150 conquered cities.
Spent his final years consolidating power and establishing his dynasty, appointing family members to key positions throughout Egypt.
Died after a reign of approximately 21 years. His son Osorkon I succeeded him, continuing the 22nd Dynasty which would rule Egypt for nearly two centuries.
